| MD.454 Mystère IV | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Dassault Mystère IVA No.121 preserved at the City of Norwich Aviation Museum. | |
| Role | Fighter-bomber |
| Manufacturer | Dassault Aviation |
| First flight | 28 September 1952 |
| Primary users | French Air Force Indian Air Force Israeli Air Force |
| Produced | 1953-1958 |
| Number built | 411 |
| Developed from | Dassault Mystère |
| Variants | Dassault Super Mystère |
Contents
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Design and development
The Mystère IV was an evolutionary development of the Mystère II aircraft. Although bearing an external resemblance to the earlier aircraft, the Mystère IV was in fact a new design with aerodynamic improvements for supersonic flight. The prototype first flew on 28 September 1952, and the aircraft entered service in April 1953. The first 50 Mystere IVA production aircraft were powered by British Rolls-Royce Tay turbojets, while the remainder had the French-built Hispano-Suiza Verdon 350 version of that engine.Operational history
France
France was the main operator of the Mystere IV and at the peak usage operated 6 squadrons. Most of the aircraft were purchased under a United States Offshore Procurement contract and many were returned to US custody after they were retired.[2] In April 1953 the United States government and the United States Air Force placed an order for 223 aircraft to be operated by the French.[2]The new Mystere IVs were used in the 1956 Suez Crisis and continued in use into the 1980s.[2]
Israel
On 30 October 1956 the Mystere IV gets its first kill when eight aircraft were in combat with 12 Egyptian Air Force MiG-15s. The Mysteres shot down one MiG and damaged a second. In the following days two Mysteres engaged four Egyptian De Havilland Vampires and destroyed them all. On 8 June 1967 Israeli aircraft were involved in the controversial attack on the USS Liberty.India
India procured 104 of aircraft in 1957 and it was used extensively in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.On 16 Sept 65 a Mystere IVA shot down a Pakistani L-19. On 7 September 1965 an Indian Mystere shot down a Pakistani Lockheed F-104 Starfighter in a raid over Sargoda. The Mystere pilot Devayya was later awarded the Maha Vir Chakra posthumously 23 years after the battle.[3]
During the campaign Mystère IVs also destroyed Pakistani aircraft on the ground including four F-86F, three F-104 and 2 Lockheed C-130 Hercules transports.[4]
The phasing out of the aircraft started soon after the 1965 Indo-Pakistani War, but it saw further action in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 but was completely phased out of the Indian Air Force by 1973.
Variants
- Mystere IV
- Prototype powered by a Rolls-Royce Tay 250 engine
- Mystere IVA
- Production fighter-bomber, 421 built, first 50 with the Rolls-Royce Tay 250 the remaining 371 with a French derivative of the Tay, the Hispano-Suiza Verdon.
- Mystere IVB
- In addition to production Mystère IVA, Dassault developed an upgraded Mystère IVB with either Rolls-Royce Avon (first two prototypes) or SNECMA Atar 101 (third prototype) afterburning engine and a radar ranging gunsight. Six pre-production aircraft were built but the project was abandoned in favour of the promising Super Mystère.
- Mystere IVN
- Dassault also proposed a two-seat all-weather interceptor version called Mystère IVN. The aircraft was equipped with the AN/APG-33 radar in an arrangement similar to North American F-86D Sabre Dog, powered by a Rolls-Royce Avon turbojet, and armed with 55× 68 mm Matra rockets in a retractable belly tray. The first prototype flew on 19 July 1954. AdA eventually decided to purchase Sud Aviation Vautour and F-86K Sabre for the interceptor role but the Mystère IVN prototype continued to fly for several years as a testbed for radar equipment.
Operators
- French Air Force, 241 delivered
- Indian Air Force, 110 delivered
- Israeli Air Force, 60 delivered
Specifications (Mystère IVA)
General characteristics- Crew: 1
- Length: 12.89 m (42 ft 4 in)
- Wingspan: 11.12 m (36 ft 6 in)
- Height: 4.46 m (14 ft 8 in)
- Wing area: 32 m² (340 ft²)
- Empty weight: 5,870 kg (12,940 lb)
- Loaded weight: 7,750 kg (17,090 lb)
- Max takeoff weight: 10,200 kg (22,490 lb)
- Powerplant: 1× Hispano-Suiza Verdon 350, 34.4 kN (7,725 lbf)
- Maximum speed: 1,120 km/h (700 mph) at sea level
- Range: 1,310 km (810 mi)
- Service ceiling: 15,000 m (50,000 ft)
- Rate of climb: 45 m/s (8,900 ft/min)
- Wing loading: 240 lb/ft² (50 kg/m²)
- Thrust/weight: 0.4543
- Guns: 2× 30 mm (1.18 in) DEFA cannons with 150 rounds per gun
- Rockets: 2× Matra rocket pods with 18× SNEB 68 mm rockets each
- Bombs: 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) of payload on four external hardpoints, including a variety of bombs or Drop tanks
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